Business Communication and ICT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Business Communication and ICT - Essay Example Contrary to this widely held notion, most messages are communicated through nonverbal clues. Empirical research conducted on this topic suggests that almost 90% of meaning of a message is transmitted in nonverbal forms. Verbal as well as non verbal communications stimuli are critical when transacting business. The two may determine its success or failure in equal measure. Nonverbal communication forms an integral part of communication within businesses. Most businesses utilize the following elements of nonverbal communication: eye contact, gestures, facial expression, appearance and dressing, posture, and written communication. Nonverbal communication underlines the power relationships in the business setting. The key function of nonverbal communication is to facilitate relationships within the business. These relationships incorporate managers, authorities, staff, and customers. The triumph of a business is pegged on effective communication between within these relationships (Goby 2 007, p.432). Goby (2007, p.432) concludes that, in business interactions, appropriate eye contact is critical in businesses since it helps the audience to build trust in the sender. In a business setting, the receivers of a message rely on visual clues in deciding whether to attend to or dismiss the message. Communicators should establish a close eye contact with their audiences as it promoted openness. Good eye contact also enhances building of trust between sender and receiver. People will unlikely buy products or services from a sales person who declines to make constant eye contact. The buyer may deem the seller to be unconvinced about the product and hence treat him/her suspiciously. Facial expressions also form part of nonverbal... This essay focuses on discussing the issue of nonverbal communication that expresses thoughts without using spoken words. Good communication is the groundwork of successful relationships, whether personal, professional, or even in business Nonverbal communication is a powerful tool of communication. This type of communication also utilizes clues that make the message appealing to the recipient as it is stated in the essay. Effective nonverbal communication has an immense contribution to businesses since it provides the parties with a means of interpreting their thoughts and attitudes. Employees within a business engage in frequent communication with its clients, suppliers, personnel, government personnel, and the media. The researcher discusses that Information Communications and Technologies that are a main focus of the second part of the essay enhance the ability of businesses to reduce transaction costs while improving speed and dependability. It is also mentioned in the essay tha t such communication type also cuts down on inefficiencies arising from poor coordination between firms in the value chain hence extracting highest value from transactions. Information Communications and Technologies today also avail effective communication tools for communication between managers, employees, and clients. In conclusion, the researcher mentiones that when well integrated, ICTs has the potential of improving the firm’s performance in terms of amplified market share, extended product range, and tailored products for clients.

Evidence-based Policing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Evidence-based Policing - Essay Example 128). It offers a new approach to policing because it encourages the application of best practices from relevant literatures contrary to the traditional way of â€Å"just doing things the way they’ve always done it.† Encouraging law enforcers to look at relevant researches and adapt any best practices that are specified in literatures is one of the advantages of evidence-based policing because it helps in structuring their thinking and approach to various situations. Another advantage of this concept is that it is created to further help reduce the crime rate in the country by adapting new tactics and police responses that are proven effective by previous researches. On the other hand, one essential disadvantage of evidence-based policing is that not all procedures, results, and recommendations from previous researches are always reliable. Most of the time, adapting research procedures and policies may not be sufficient to address some situations, not to mention that not all law enforcers are knowledgeable, or trained, about proper implementation of these strategies. Evidence-based policing was, during the early 1990s, applied to resolving issues on domestic violence (Flynn, 2011). The traditional method of addressing this issue led to increasing cases of domestic violence. However, after using the concept of evidence-based law enforcers eventually realized their possible shortcoming in resolving domestic violence issue. They changed their method of handling these kinds of disputes that later on resulted to a sharp decline in domestic violence cases. Another example is when this concept was used to resolve street-level narcotics issue (Flynn, 2011). The traditional method of seizing the culprits did not apparently suffice to resolve the problem. After applying the concept of evidence-based, most police jurisdictions modified their traditional way of handling this concern. Instead, they created and enforced comprehensive, centered,

Legalization of Marijuana Essay Example for Free

Legalization of Marijuana Essay Marijuana was first used for medicinal purposes dating back as early as the 1600’s. However, a law was passed in 1930, which banned the substance. Since then we have been fighting a never-ending war on drugs that has estimated to be over a trillion dollar failure, and we have nothing to show for it. There are many different takes on legalizing marijuana nation-wide but some states are not convinced yet. There are two main views on legalizing cannabis. One is the government view, which believes if marijuana was taxed like alcohol and tobacco it could yield close to 50 billion in tax revenue annually. Along with this, legalizing the drug would save the U.S. about $41 billion a year in enforcing the drug laws, and using that for education and health. The other view would be the medicinal use side of it. Proponents of medical marijuana argue that it can be a safe and effective treatment for the symptoms of cancer, AIDS, multiple sclerosis, pain, glaucoma, epilepsy, and other conditions. The government should legalize marijuana for recreational and medical use because it will create tax revenue, help patients, and we will be done fighting an everlasting war. $42 billion dollars is what our current marijuana laws cost American taxpayers each year. If marijuana was legal, the money generated would be able to be used for other things like giving every one of our current teachers a 30 percent raise and use whats left to take a $27 billion whack out of the federal deficit. Or use it towards community or environmental projects to help the natural resources we use every day. â€Å"Marijuana in the U.S. is a $113 billion dollar business† (Gettman). It costs the average prison $40,000 to house an inmate for a year. If you multiply the number of marijuana related prisoners times $40,000 a year that is over $29 billion a year spent on prisoners alone. â€Å"Of the billions of dollars a year we spend to enforce, it has accomplished little or nothing beneficial in terms of economic benefits† (Shen). Despite all that, we now arrest one American every 38 seconds on marijuana charges. And we do so at a staggering cost in law enforcement expenses, lost tax revenues, and staggering profits for criminal gangs.The alternative is clear. Regulate marijuana just as we do beer, wine, and liquor. We will be able to save the government and law enforcement billions. In addition, the government would not only be saving from not having to enforce the laws, they will benefit greatly from tax  revenue that can be created. Researchers assumed that legalized marijuana would be taxed similarly to alcohol and tobacco and that the income earned by pot producers would be subject to standard income and sales tax. But we do know that legalization would lead to a positive revenue impact on the income and sales tax side† (Davis). Right now we have 2 states that have both legalized medical and recreational use, Colorado and Washington. We will be able to study the tax revenue that is created from both and researchers will be able get better information on how much tax will actually be created. So far it has been nothing but a large money source. â€Å"Colorados legal marijuana market is far exceeding tax expectations, according to a budget proposal† (Solomon). The governor of Colorado predicted sales and taxes next fiscal year would produce some $98 million, well above a $70 million annual estimate given to voters when they approved the pot taxes last year. That is just in one state, imagine what would be created nation-wide. There are a variety of estimates, but when you put them all together you get a range of $10 billion to more than $120 billion a year. Either way that is money that the US didnt have before. Legalizing marijuana will create a large tax revenue and in a bad economic time this will, w ithout a doubt, help our economy out. Lastly, medical marijuana is still illegal in many states and that should change. Although many slanderous claims have been made about cannabis in recent history, the truths are slowly starting to surface. Unfortunately, these truths are under heavy criticism due to the stereotypical view of what people view as the typical marijuana user. It has a skewed perception of a lazy and unmotivated America, which is the result of over seventy years of propaganda and misinformation spread by private interests who needed cannabis illegal for their own personal gains. â€Å"Using marijuana for medicinal purposes is not a recent discovery† (Berman). In fact, written references to use medical marijuana date back nearly 5,000 years. Marijuana can be used for a variety of disorders. These disorders include pain relief, nausea, glaucoma, and movement disorders. It is also used as a powerful appetite stimulant which helps patients that had HIV/AIDS or cancer patients going through chemotherapy. â€Å"Painkillers are highly addictive but handed out to patients everyday† (Astaiza). Marijuana has proven to be non addictive and has caused no deaths to this date. Today, thousands of patients are able to use  marijuana as an effective method of treatment for their ailments. This is possible because fourteen state governments across the country have acknowledged cannabis’ effective healing properties and legalized its consumption for medicinal purposes with the consent of a licensed physician. However, these patients are at the mercy of the federal government and its authority. Marijuana should be legal because it can give patients relief other prescriptions cannot. In summary, medical and recreational marijuana should be legalized nationwide. Police could stop wasting money and time trying to fight something theyve been at for over 50 years now. The government will be able to tax it similar to alcohol and tobacco, and we have already witnessed the tax take off in Colorado. Patients will be able to use it to treat many disorders instead of using highly addictive over-the-counter medications. In a down time for our economy we are struggling to fight back. The federal deficit and the revenue created from marijuana may not solve it completely,but it puts a large chunk of money in the governments hands. Even though marijuana sometimes gets a bad name, it is an all natural plant that can create a lot of benefits.

The True Author Of Shakespeares Works :: essays research papers

Who Was The True Author of Shakespeare’s Works?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The authenticity of Shakespeare’s works being those of William Shakespeare has long been debated. Many people and scholars have explored the possibility that maybe the many amazing plays and sonnets were possibly written by a man named Edward de Vere, the 17th Earl of Oxford. There is a good amount of evidence supporting the theory that this man may be the real â€Å"Shakespeare†, while on the other hand, it would be very difficult to deny the popular belief of William Shakespeare being who most people say he is. The thought of Edward de Vere being the author would change many aspects of our theatrical world today, and prove how influential word-of-mouth can be.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to popular belief, William Shakespeare was an amazing writer. His real name was William Shakspere. With works from Hamlet to Othello to the well-known Romeo and Juliet, his plays have been adapted many times over. The themes that were in his dramas have recurred many times in movies, plays, and other performances since they were first performed in the 1600’s.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  William Shakspere was the son of John Shakspere, a glover, trader, and landowner. William grew up in a town called Stratford, England, and he went to a school called King’s New School. It is believed that all of Shakespeare’s education was received at that school. He grew up and married a woman named Ann Hathaway when he was 18, and they had 3 children. It is said that he moved to London and joined an acting troupe soon after his children were born. He wrote plays for the troupe and became very successful. That is the extent of the information about Shakspere, and there are very little records about any other known history.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Edward de Vere was a renowned gentleman, as well as the 17th Earl of Oxford. He had earned two Master’s Degrees before he was seventeen years old, and also was very proficient in classics and French. In 1575, Oxford won the Queen's permission to tour the Continent. He visited Paris, Verona, Rome, Venice and Padua, among other cities, which would have given him descriptions for detail apparent in The Two Gentlemen of Verona, Romeo and Juliet and The Merchant of Venice. He was very familiar with upper class society, but knew very little about the lower classes, besides what he heard or observed. He loved to write plays and was an amazing poet according to accounts in recovered letters written by his acquaintances.

Resistance of Change in Chinese Society in the Beginning of 20’s Century

Resistance of Change Ding Ling’s â€Å"A Day†, Lu Xun’s â€Å"A Madman’s Diary,† and Yu Dafu’s â€Å"Sinking† are all works that have been written in the time of a crucial change in China. Although the stories are fictional, the writers manage to reflect and correlate their characters to the current state of their homeland. Reading the listed works we see that its characters possess many common traits such as suffering, humility, depression, and much love and patriotism for China. The authors use character’s personal difficulties, to illustrate how complex it is for China to abolish its conservative, deep-rooted, traditional ways for new ones.In â€Å"The Diary of a Madman† by Lu Xun, we see a character that is in a state of constant paranoia. He is considered to be a madman by his immediate society that is greatly influenced by old Chinese morals and traditions of imperialism and Confucianism. He believes that his social circle practices cannibalism and sooner or later he will be eaten. On numerous occasions he questions the reasons behind this immoral practice which he believes is real. Although his actual perceptions of his surroundings might be erroneous in reality, we notice a valid metaphoric meaning in his view; cannibalism as suppression of people.He doesn’t understand why people are not willing to give up their old customs of cannibalism. He claims that some who used to practice cannibalism in the past realized its immorality and stopped, yet most continue to live by old traditions. He argues immorality of old traditions should be exemplifying the west as a By illustrating this inability of social change the character demonstrates the society as one of great tradition. The character’s desire for change illustrates the revolutionary times that China was undergoing at the time.He wanted the Chinese society to abandon its traditional beliefs which were constraining their liberali ty. Order, discipline, and oppressive imperial traditions of their background influenced by Confucianism strongly shaped their beliefs and habits, making it difficult to accept new modern principles. The character feels helpless while observing his society’s challenge to change. Although we see the character’s distress, his connection and love towards China is illustrated in his last words of the diary. Declaring to â€Å"Save the Children†, the character conveys his patriotic beliefs in times of agony.We see that regardless of social resistance to change the characters’ hope of a better future for China persists, illustrating the great patriotism that is integrated in Chinese society and culture. In Ding Ling’s story â€Å"A Day,† we also see a character whose emotional state correlates to her surrounding society. In the story, a young woman lives in a poor part of a metropolis city, â€Å"under the jurisdiction of a few imperialist nation s†(12). She despises this split society, which is made of â€Å"fat bellied† capitalists and the filthy poor working class that labors for the former.Observing the miserable working class routinely occupied in their â€Å"back-breaking† tasks makes her feel depressed. She pities them and wishes she could help them realize that they deserve a better living. She thinks that if only she could influence those people, to open their eyes to a better future, she would improve their lives. She makes an attempt to improve her maid’s way of thinking, trying to melt her gloom, but soon feels anguished herself. When she considers people’s â€Å"ignorant ways of thinking and their purely selfish desires† she hopelessly gives up. The lives of those people are wretched and their minds are numbed, they are stripped of all hope and ideas as they eke out a living from one day to the next†. She sees her society suffering in this â€Å"meaningless existen ce† and not being able to change. This resistance to change irritates her greatly. She realizes that the mentality of these people is degraded by imperialistic domination for many years and is difficult to abandon. Those similar self degrading traits can also be detected in the character.Her immediate company that visits her daily takes advantage of her humbleness and overwhelms her with their sentiments regarding the ills of China. Her submissiveness restrains her desire to argue her position and take any measures. Depressed, she wants to isolate herself from everybody and sink in her daydream; the only delight of her day. We see a reflecting relationship between society and the character. Society makes her depressed and she is hopeless of change. Dreaming about a better life, she is still not able to take any actions that would help her break through this cycle of misery.While in the past two stories, we see characters that were disturbed by difficulties of change in their s ocieties, in â€Å"Sinking† by Yu Dafu the main character is troubled by his personal complexities. Various emotional problems such as loneliness, hatred, fear, sexual frustration, paranoia, and other self degrading traits lead him to a suicide. A Chinese native and a patriot, he is influenced by Chinese traditional morals and beliefs that suffocate his desire to acquaint to a new environment in Japan, where he attends school as a foreign student.Discipline and order induced in him by Confucianism of imperialistic China restrain his adaptation in this new liberal setting. We see that his relationship with his new society is hurting because of his long-established morality. He feels that his schoolmates reject him, but his paranoiac attitude and reserved appearance prevent him from making any friends. Failing to make an attempt to connect with the Japanese students, whom he considers his enemies, he loathes them even more. He is resentful that his beloved China is in time of c haos while Japan is thriving and that distances him from his surroundings even more.He is sexually frustrated and unable to connect with girls. He tries to physically ease his frustration but feels sickened and considers it to be immoral. Having been influenced by Confucian tradition, he constantly tries to discipline and improve himself, yet his attempts are always overwhelmed by new desires and beliefs. Influenced by western literature, he finds peace when he recites poetry written by romantic writers and spends his sole time appreciating nature. This aspiration of western culture and liberal thinking constantly competes with the previous morality of the character.His personal conditions and experiences represent, and are the effects of, the undergoing struggles of Chinese society during the time of political chaos. After the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty, China did not have a real government. The society feels rejected, because other countries are not willing to step in and help establish a new administration. Although people anticipate a new liberal government, soon another Emperor takes office. Moral and traditional philosophy infiltrated by Confucianism made the Chinese culture humble and fearful just like the character’s personality.While manifesting many strong feelings of hate, sorrow, and frustration, the character is unable to take any measures to change his perceptions. In the end of the story the character commits suicide, stating; â€Å"O China, My China, you are the cause of my death! I wish you could become rich and strong soon!†¦ Many, many of your children are still suffering. † We can see that regardless of all the struggles he went through, the character is a great patriot of his country, and while he does not see any hope for his own healing, his sorrow and death symbolizes his hope for his Country and future generations.Contradiction We see that the characters in all three stories have various emotional and psychologica l traits that reflect China in its time of turmoil. We also see that all characters ultimately demonstrated great patriotism towards their country. In order to understand the reasons behind those qualities we have to observe a number of factors from authors’ perspective. Lu Xun, Yu Dafu, and Ding Ling were all authors that were greatly influenced by the revolutionary times in China and their stories illustrate, in part, their own feelings towards their society.The overthrow of the emperor, in the beginning of twenties century brought a new wind of change. People started to believe that new times are about to form. Western culture and political approach started to inspire people to believe that a better future is around the corner. The characters in our stories help us better to understand the circumstances and the condition of Chinese society in those crucial times. At first we observe Lu Xun’s â€Å"A Diary of a Madman† in which we see a man that is perceived a s a madman by his society.Although in the story it might be so, we can identify a certain metaphor that symbolizes the character’s wisdom. While cannibalism was actually practiced in some instances in Imperial China, Lu Xun drew a picture that resembled the old imperialistic China that suppressed its society, â€Å"eating† their liberty. Imperialism vanished by the time all three stories have been written, yet society is still unable to change their old mentality. This resistance to change because of old settled-in traditions can also be seen in both â€Å"A Day† and â€Å"Sinking.And yet Ding Ling, similar to Lu Xun, in her story portrays mainly the difficulties of social change, Yu Dafu illustrates them on an individual that is also infected with old traditions overpowering his wish for change. Society formulates individuals that in turn makeup the former. The relationship between them is inevitable. It appears that all authors conveyed their personal outlook of their society through their stories. Resistance to change might have been the most difficult obstacle China had to overcome for a better tomorrow, and the offered stories showed us the disturbances of individuals in relation to their society.

How childhood is socially constructed Essay

When asking ourselves the question ‘what is childhood? ’ and reading around the subject, it can be seen that there is no exact definition which can pinpoint an exact answer, this is because childhood is seen as socially constructed (McDowell, 2010). Continual varying ideas about children which has led to claims that childhood is a social construction highlights that childhoods are not the same everywhere and that while all societies acknowledge that children are different from adults, how they are different and what expectations are placed on them, change accordingly to the society in which they live (Greene et al, 2005). This highlights that it is not possible for childhood to be a biological state but is culturally specific and varies across time and location including taking into account economic factors (McDowell, 2010). This can be seen here in the contrast of how children are portrayed and look in western society compared to non-western. Children in Africa (non-western) Let the children play (Western) This view of social construction is supported in Bronfenbrenner’s sociocultural model of development which highlights how different environmental systems impact human development. The interrelated systems help us recognise the different contexts which impact on childhood (McDowell. 2010) Aries (1962) claimed that in medieval society the idea of childhood did not exist as the child did not occupy a social status (Green et al, 2005). This is argued by Archard (1993) as cited in Green et al (2005) who had the belief that they just had different ideas about it. This contrasts with the western society view of today which places children at centre stage taking on the romantic discourse that children are and have always been pure and innocent and entitled to nurturing (Newman, 2004). A loving family This picture highlights how the western perspective sees childhood, placing the child as central importance. Ideas about children and childhood also differ between different sectors in society, professional bodies and government departments which have come to be manifested in social policies. An example of this is age restraints. Legal classification of childhood is the main way in which society attempts to regulate and define childhood (McDowell, 2010). Age restraints for events in life such as marriage, the right to vote or drink, the school leaving age, ages in which you are criminally responsible and the age of sexual consent have developed over time but various legal constraints give children or young people different levels of responsibilities or how they should control their own actions which vary globally (Greene et al, 2005). Cunningham (2006) believes that a child can cease to be one over time which relates to age limits and laws but we are always a child to our parents. Western society, in particular its social policies, tends to focus on what children will become, rather than children’s being. The focus is on what they will become in the future rather than the here? and? now of childhood (Morrow, 2011). In many developing world countries however, children’s roles are very different. There is more crucial importance of children’s labour to many household economies (Morrow,2011). In some countries, child labour is prevalent and, for many children, education has to fit around work commitments. This contrasts with the developed West, where children’s work has to fit around their education commitments. The priorities for children are different, and thus their ‘childhoods’ are different. (Morrow, 2011). Overall it can be seen that there is no agreed definition of childhood without reference to the social perceptions within which it is experienced.

My Utpoia

My Utpoia EveryoneÂÆ'‚‚s utopia is different in there own way but they sometimes have similarities between them. My utopia is located by the ocean with a temperate climate. The temperature gets to a high of about ninety-five and a low of thirty-four degrees Fahrenheit. It remains fairly warm during the winters because of the warm ocean breeze. There would be rain, sun, and snow.The government would be a monarchy with a group of advisors that would give suggestions to the monarch. The monarch would be elected by the people and everyone has the same rights, whether they have more power than others. The laws are voted on by the people but the monarch approves them. The monarch has a strict police system that keeps the laws in order. Lawbreakers would be punished depending on their crime. Murders would be killed; stealing would land you in community service for a period of time.There would be national transportation available to everyone for a small fee to pay for the maintenance and gas. Other than the national transportation, the people would either walk or have a bicycle to get to and from where they needed to go. Buildings would be erected with funding from the government and there would be two or three different companies working together to complete the project. Everyone would live in an apartment but they would be different sizes depending in the size of the family.There is a national bank which is divided up into smaller banks but under the national banks rules and regulations. The currency is in dollars and cents, like the United States. The economy is mostly self-sustaining but there is a little trade over seas and over land. The government talks a laissez-faire approach to economy but watches over and acts when it is...